Ethiopia: Progress and Challenges towards SUFI
Ethiopia: Malaria Distribution Map
Survey-Based Progress Tracking
| Indicator | DHS 2005 | Other studies (Sept. 2006) |
| % households with at least 1 ITNs | 3.4 | 91 |
| % children under five years who slept under ITN the previous night | 1.5 | 87 |
| % pregnant women who slept under ITN the previous night | 1.1 | - |
| % children with fever two weeks preceding the survey | 18.7 | - |
| % children under five years of age who took anti-malaria drug on the same or next day | 3.0 | - |
- I. Epidemiological background
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Parasite (Plasmodium) types The main parasites are Plasmodium falciparum (70% of the cases) and Plasmodium Vivax ( 30% of the cases). Main vector (mosquito) types Anopheles Paludis, Anopheles Arabiensis, Anopheles Funestus, Anopheles Coustani, Anopheles Nili, Anopheles Pharoensis, Anopheles Quadriannulatus Total population 77,219,655 (2007) Population at risk 52,509,365 (2007) ~ 68% of the Population lives in areas at risk of malaria Unstable transmission Sep-Dec and Apr-May Estimated clinical malaria cases 12 million (2006) Confirmed & Probable Malaria cases reported 3.7 million (2006) Child under 5 malaria mortality 94,400 (2005) Infant mortality (per 1000) 123 (2005) - II. Current Policy and Strategy
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Case management Primary interventions Challenges in Scale-up & Consolidation Although Coartem is the first-line antimalarial for the treatment of P. falciparum, chloroquine remains effective against P. vivax and thus is still the first-line treatment for this species. The main challenge faced by peripheral health units, in particular the health posts lacking microscopy facilities, is the treatment of all fever cases with Coartem, which is much more expensive compared to chloroquine. The other challenges are: - Reliable needs - forecasting in an environment of declining incidence? (fund available 2011)
- Short shelf life of Coartem® and high risk of expiry,
- High price of Coartem® in the private sector
Prevention: ITNs Primary interventions Challenges in Scale-up & Consolidation - Target 100% net coverage, 2007
- 2 ITNs per malaria affected household
- Prioritize children & pregnant women
- Mass integrated campaigns for nets distribution
- Obtaining data on number of LLINs that need replacement, (HEP database)
- Modalities for replacements distribution and reaching new households
Prevention: IRS Primary interventions Challenges in Scale-up & Consolidation - Villages sprayed with DDT
- Shortage of trained human power
- Obtaining high coverage
- Appropriate Targeting and timing
- III. Primary interventions: Outcomes and impact
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[+] Rapid Scale-up of Interventions – Impact on Malaria Death, Ethiopia
[+] View data
- IV. Challenges and Priority support needs (2008 - 2010)
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Challenges
- Mobilizing adequate resource to keep high coverage of interventions, (e.g. 50 million LLINs to MDG to maintain 80%)
- Ensure dependable Drugs and commodity supply system,
- QA and QC of malaria diagnosis (RDTs + Microscopy)
- Targeting and Delineating the role of IRS and LLINs
- Improving community awareness and utilization of interventions (ITNs Utilization, ACT Compliance)
- Malaria surveillance and Program monitoring and evaluation
- Shortage of human power and High staff turn over
Support needs (TA and Finance)
- Resource mobilization,
- Functional Drug and logistic supply management system
- QA & QC for malaria microscopy & RDT,
- Database system for routine program monitoring,
- Refine malaria risk stratification,
- Operationalizing Communication strategy,
- Establish sentinel surveillance system & strengthen malaria epidemics preparedness and response capacity
- Strengthen sentinel site study on efficacy of anti-malarial drugs and Insecticides
- Strengthen technical support to FMOH and other partners working in malaria control
- V. Key RBM Partners in Ethiopia
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- Federal Ministry of Health
- Regional Health Bureaus
- WHO
- UNICEF
- Development Cooperation of Ireland
- Italian Development Co-operation
- The World Bank
- USAID/PMI
- Malaria Consortium
- The Carter Center
- Merlin
- CRDA/CORE
- MSF Group
- Anti-Malaria Association
- PSI
- AED NetMark
- AMREF
- American Red Cross
- Angereb PLC
- Green PLC
- Malaria Professional association
- Anti malaria association
Source: NMCP Ethiopia
For questions, contact Dr Daddi Jima, National Malaria Control Programme Manager
Mr Peter Mbabazi Kwehangana, RBM Partnership Focal Point for Eastern Africa Regional Network
Ms Nadia Lasri, RBM Partnership facilitation
Dr James Banda, RBM Partnership facilitation Coordinator